📝 Publications
- Notes:(*)indicates the equal contributions and(†)indicates the corresponding author.
👁 Survey and Position Papers

Arxiv
Towards Building Specialized Generalist AI with System 1 and System 2 Fusion, Kaiyan Zhang*, Biqing Qi*, Bowen Zhou.
🎙 Trustworthy Machine Learning theory
NeurIPS 2024
Exploring Adversarial Robustness of Deep State Space Models, Biqing Qi, Yiang Luo, Junqi Gao, Pengfei Li, Kai Tian, Zhiyuan Ma, Bowen ZhouSPL 2024
Enhancing Adversarial Transferability via Information Bottleneck Constraints, Biqing Qi, Junqi Gao, Jianxing Liu, Ligang Wu, Bowen Zhou CodeNAACL 2024
On Large Language Models’ Hallucination with Regard to Known Facts, Che jiang, Biqing Qi, Xiangyu Hong, Dayuan Fu, Yang Cheng, Fandong Meng, Mo Yu, Bowen Zhou, Jie ZhouNeurIPS 2023
Perturbation towards easy samples improves targeted adversarial transferability Junqi Gao*, Biqing Qi*, Yao Li, Zhichang Guo, Da Li, Yuming Xing, Dazhi ZhangTNNLS 2023
Improving robustness of intent detection under adversarial attacks: A geometric constraint perspective Biqing Qi, Bowen Zhou, Weinan Zhang, Jianxing Liu, Ligang WuArxiv
Investigating Deep Watermark Security: An Adversarial Transferability Perspective, Biqing Qi, Junqi Gao, Yiang Luo, Jianxing Liu, Ligang Wu, Bowen ZhouACM MM 2024
Safe-SD: Safe and Traceable Stable Diffusion with Text Prompt Trigger for Invisible Generative Watermarking, Zhiyuan Ma, Guoli Jia, Biqing Qi, Bowen Zhou
💣 Specialized Generalist Foundation Model and Technologies


CVPR 2024
Interactive continual learning: Fast and slow thinking, Biqing Qi, Xinquan Chen, Junqi Gao, Dong Li, Jianxing Liu, Ligang Wu, Bowen Zhou,
- This work was the first to propose the concept of interactive continual learning.
- Instantiated through the Cognitive Complementarity Theory (System1 and System2).
- An advanced continual learning framework with the novel structured key-value pairs memory unit.
- A potential framework to develop Specialized Generalist AI.

TCSVT 2025
Contrastive Augmented Graph2Graph Memory Interaction for Few Shot Continual Learning, Biqing Qi, Junqi Gao, Xingquan Chen, Dong Li, Jianxing Liu, Ligang Wu, Bowen Zhou

ACL 2024
CoGenesis: A Framework Collaborating Large and Small Language Models for Secure Context-Aware Instruction Following, Kaiyan Zhang, Jianyu Wang, Ermo Hua, Biqing Qi, Ning Ding, Bowen Zhou

NAACL 2024
PaD: Program-aided Distillation Can Teach Small Models Reasoning Better than Chain-of-thought Fine-tuning, Xuekai Zhu, Biqing Qi, Kaiyan Zhang, Xinwei Long, Zhouhan Lin, Bowen Zhou
Arxiv
SR-CIS: Self-Reflective Incremental System with Decoupled Memory and Reasoning, Biqing Qi, Junqi Gao, Xinquan Chen, Dong Li, Weinan Zhang, Bowen ZhouArxiv
Fast and Slow Generating: An Empirical Study on Large and Small Language Models Collaborative Decoding, Kaiyan Zhang, Jianyu Wang, Ning Ding, Biqing Qi, Eermo Hua, Xingtai Lv, Bowen ZhouAAAI 2025
(Oral) Fast and Slow Gradient Approximation for Binary Neural Network Optimization, Xinquan Chen, Junqi Gao, Biqing Qi†, Dong Li, Yiang Luo, Fangyuan Li, Pengfei LiEMNLP 2023
CRaSh: Clustering, Removing, and Sharing Enhance Fine-tuning without Full Large Language Model, Kaiyan Zhang, Ning Ding, Biqing Qi, Xuekai Zhu, Xingwei Long, Bowen ZhouArxiv
Intuitive Fine-Tuning: Towards Unifying SFT and RLHF into a Single Process, Eermo Hua, Biqing Qi, Kaiyan Zhang, Yue Yu, Ning Ding, Xintai Lv, Kai Tian, Bowen ZhouNeurIPS 2024
Neural Residual Diffusion Models for Deep Scalable Vision Generation,Zhiyuan Ma, Liangliang Zhao, Biqing Qi, Bowen Zhou

Arxiv
Online DPO: Online Direct Preference Optimization with Fast-Slow Chasing, Biqing Qi, Pengfei Li, Fangyuan Li, Junqi Gao, Kaiyan Zhang, Bowen Zhou
ACL 2024 (Findings)
SMR: State Memory Replay for Long Sequence Modeling, Biqing Qi, Junqi Gao, Kaiyan Zhang, Dong Li, Jianxing Liu, Ligang Wu, Bowen ZhouArxiv
S4++: Elevating Long Sequence Modeling with State Memory Reply, Biqing Qi, Junqi Gao, Dong Li, Kaiyan Zhang, Jianxing Liu, Ligang Wu, Bowen ZhouEMNLP 2024 (Findings)
On the token distance modeling ability of higher RoPE attention dimension, Xiangyu Hong, Che Jiang, Biqing Qi†, Fandong Meng, Mo Yu, Bowen Zhou, Jie Zhou
🌱 Specialized Generalist driven Multi-Agents Systems
Arxiv
Can 1B LLM Surpass 405B LLM? Rethinking Compute-Optimal Test-Time Scaling, Runze Liu, Junqi Gao, Jian Zhao, Kaiyan Zhang, Xiu Li, Biqing Qi†, Wanli Ouyang and Bowen Zhou.CVPR 2025
(Highlight) Less is More: Efficient Model Merging with Binary Task Switch, Biqing Qi, Fangyuan Li, Zhen Wang, Junqi Gao, Dong Li, Peng Ye, Bowen ZhouArxiv
Evolution of Thought: Diverse and High-Quality Reasoning via Multi-Objective Optimization, Junqi Gao, Zhouyi Qian, Yiang Luo, Kaiyan Zhang, Biqing Qi†, Jianxing LiuICLR 2025
OpenPRM: Building Open-domain Process-based Reward Models with Preference Trees, Kaiyan Zhang, Jiayuan Zhang, Haoxin Li, Xuekai Zhu, Ermo Hua, Xingtai Lv, Ning Ding, Biqing Qi, Bowen ZhouArxiv
GenPRM: Scaling Test-Time Compute of Process Reward Models via Generative Reasoning, Jian Zhao, Runze Liu, Kaiyan Zhang, Zhimu Zhou, Junqi Gao, Dong Li, Jiafei Lyu, Zhouyi Qian, Biqing Qi†, Xiu Li, Bowen ZhouArxiv
Seeing Delta Parameters as JPEG Images: Data-Free Delta Compression with Discrete Cosine Transform, Chenyu Huang, Peng Ye, Xiaohui Wang, Shenghe Zheng, Biqing Qi, Lei Bai, Wanli Ouyang, Tao Chen
👄 Specialized Generalist driven AI4S and Embodied Applications
🏂🏻 AI4S applications: Hypothesis Proposers
COLM 2024
Large Language Models as Biomedical Hypothesis Generators: A Comprehensive Evaluation, Biqing Qi, Kaiyan Zhang, Kai Tian, Haoxiang Li, Zhang-Ren Chen, Sihang Zeng, Ermo Hua, Hu Jinfang, Bowen ZhouInstruct Following@NeurIPS 2023
Large Language Models are Zero Shot Hypothesis Proposers, Biqing Qi, Kaiyan Zhang, Haoxiang Li, Kai Tian, Sihang Zeng, Zhang-Ren Chen, Jin-Fang Hu, Bowen ZhouNeurIPS 2024 D&B Track
(Spotlight) UltraMedical: Building Specialized Generalists in Biomedicine, Kaiyan Zhang, Sihang Zeng, Eermo Hua, Ning Ding, Zhang-Ren Chen, Zhiyuan Ma, Hhaoxiang Li, Ganqu Cui, Biqing Qi, Xuekai Zhu, Bowen Zhou,
🤖 Embodied Applications
EMNLP 2024
MSI-Agent: Incorporating Multi-Scale Insight into Embodied Agents for Superior Planning and Decision-Making, Dayuan Fu*, Biqing Qi†, Yihuai Gao, Che Jiang, Guanting Dong, Bowen ZhouAAAI 2025
Retrieval-Augmented Visual Question Answering via Built-in Autoregressive Search Engines, Xinwei Long, Zhiyuan Ma, Ermo Hua, Kaiyan Zhang, Biqing Qi, Bowen Zhou